 Certain plants produce phytoestrogens, substances that are chemically similar to the human hormone estrogen. The plant-based estrogens are several times less potent than normal human estrogen yet some scientific studies have shown beneficial effects. Phytoestrogens have been used to treat the signs and changes of menopause, including hot flashes, vaginal dryness, dry skin, osteoporosis, depression, mood swings, fatigue, and sleep problems Medical research has not proven that phytoestrogens are effective in treating menopause or any medical condition. Nor have studies directly compared phytoestrogens with prescription therapy. Black cohosh, dong quai, and soy are among the most common supplements considered phytoestrogens. Black cohosh is a member of the buttercup family and is found in hardwood forests. Dong quai is a flower found in high elevations of China, Korea, and Japan. Soy is a grain that is grown throughout the world. Recent research has shown that the isoflavones are considered to be the active component in soy. Several reports have recently been published on the benefits of soy. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration recently released evidence that shows soy protein supplementation may play a role in reducing the risk of heart disease. Additional benefits including a minor reduction in the frequency and intensity of hot flashes, and a possible reduction in the risk of developing osteoporosis require further scientific evaluation. Because phytoestrogens are less potent and their benefits are less clearly defined than prescription estrogens, they are not typically the first choice for hormone replacement therapy. Sources:
Drug Facts and Comparisons. Facts & Comparisons, 2007.
Micromedex® Healthcare Series. Thomson Micromedex, 2007.
Peirce, A. The American Pharmaceutical Association Practical Guide to Natural Medicines. William Morrow & Co., 1999.
Kuhn, M.A. Herbs and Menopause. Medical Educational Services, Inc., 1997.
Kuhn, M.A. Herbs, Drugs & the Body. Medical Educational Services, Inc., 1999.
Natural Prescriptions for Women. Rodale Press Inc., 1998.
Hall, LT. "Taking Charge of Menopause" FDA Consumer. November-December (1999).
Washburn, S. "Effect of Soy Protein Supplementation on Serum Lipoproteins, Blood Pressure, and Menopausal Symptoms in Perimenopausal Women" Menopause 6 (1999).
Vincent, Ann. “Soy Isoflavones: Are They Useful in Menopause?” Mayo Clinic Proceedings. 75, November (2000).
This answer prepared 3/8/2001.
This information updated 1/22/2007.
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