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What is Valerian?

Valerian (Nature’s Way Valerian Root Nighttime Tablets, GNC Herbal Plus Fingerprinted Valerian Root) is an herb that some people use to treat nervousness, restlessness, and sleeping disorders. There are about 250 species of valerian. Valeriana officinalis is the one used most often for medicinal purposes. The root contains the active substance.

Several small studies have shown that valerian has calming effects and promotes sleep. Valerian may affect the same brain areas as certain prescription drugs, including alprazolam (brand name Xanax) and diazepam (Valium).

It may take two to three weeks to notice the full benefit of valerian. The dose of valerian depends on its form. To make valerian tea, add two to three grams of valerian root to 2/3 cup of boiling water. The valerian tincture (1:5) dose is 15 to 20 drops in water. A bedtime valerian extract dose is 400 to 900 mg at bedtime. Long term use of valerian can cause withdrawal symptoms. Slowly taper doses when stopping valerian to prevent withdrawal symptoms. The potency of products may vary, so follow the dosing instructions on the package.

Sources:
Donath, F. "Critical evaluation of the effect of valerian extract on sleep structure and sleep quality," Pharmacopsychiatry 33 (2000).
Micromedex® Healthcare Series. Thomson Micromedex, 2007.
The PDR Family Guide to Natural Medicines & Healing Therapies. Medical Economics Co., 1999.
The Review of Natural Products. Facts & Comparisons, 2007.
Wong, A.H. “Herbal remedies in psychiatric practice,” Archives of General Psychiatry 55 (1998).
Klepser, T.B. “Unsafe and potentially safe herbal therapies,” American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 15 (1999).
The Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database. Pharmacists Letter Inc., 2000.